1. 1989 The Mayor of Oka, Jean Ouellette, announces that the remainder of the land would be cleared to expand the course to 18 holes and some condominiums
2. 1990 The Mohawks erect a barricade to block entrance to the development
3. 1990 The Minister of Native Affairs writes a letter in support of the Mohawks
4. July 11, 1990 The Mayor asks the police to intervene. A SWAT team attacks the barricade with tear gas and flash grenades. Their own tear gas blows back to them and they fall back abandoning several vehicles.
5. July 11, 1990 31 year old Corporal Marcel Lemay was shot, in the face, and died later in the day
6. 1990 The Mohawks at Kanesatake blockade the Mercier Bridge
7. 1990 The Federal Government offers to buy the land to stop further development. But the Mohawks are outraged because it simply moves from one level of government to another and does not address what happened to start this situation
8. Aug 14, 1990 10 constables are hospitalized. Robert Bourassa calls in the army to aid the police
9. Aug 20, 1990 The Van doo's (The Royal 22 Regiment) arrive and start taking over barricades
10. Aug 29, 1990 The Barricade at Mercier Bridge is taken down after negotiations
11. Sept 25, 1990 The final "conflict" occurs between the army and the Mohawks
12. Sept 26, 1990 The Mohawks destroy their weapons, burn tobacco, and go back to the reserve where they are arrested
Wednesday, May 20, 2009
OKA CRISIS
The Oka Crisis was a land dispute between the Mohawk nation and the town of Oka, Quebec that began on July 11, 1990, and lasted until September 26, 1990. It resulted in one direct and two indirect deaths, and was the first of a number of well-publicized violent conflicts between First Nations and the Canadian government in the late 20th century. The town does not have the right to build a golf course because it is not their land to do so. The Mohawk nation made a barricade, not allowing the town to work on the golf course.
The crisis developed from a dispute between the town of Oka and the Mohawk community of Kanesatake. The Mohawk nation had been pursuing a land claim that included a burial ground and a sacred grove of pine trees near Kanesatake. This brought them into conflict with the town of Oka, which was developing plans to expand a golf course onto the land.
The town does not have the right to expand the golf course because it is not their land to do so. They didn’t even ask the Mohawk nation for permission to expand the golf course. When they tried to stop them the whole situation out of control.
The Mohawk nation made a barricade, not allowing the town to work on the golf course. On July 11 a SWAT team launched tear gas and concussion grenades to break up the barricade. A police officer was shot and killed. The whole thing was flying out of proportion.
The Oka Crisis was a land dispute between the Mohawk nation and the town of Oka, Quebec that began on July 11, 1990, and lasted until September 26, 1990. The SWAT team was called in to control the barricade. The whole thing just spun out of control.
The crisis developed from a dispute between the town of Oka and the Mohawk community of Kanesatake. The Mohawk nation had been pursuing a land claim that included a burial ground and a sacred grove of pine trees near Kanesatake. This brought them into conflict with the town of Oka, which was developing plans to expand a golf course onto the land.
The town does not have the right to expand the golf course because it is not their land to do so. They didn’t even ask the Mohawk nation for permission to expand the golf course. When they tried to stop them the whole situation out of control.
The Mohawk nation made a barricade, not allowing the town to work on the golf course. On July 11 a SWAT team launched tear gas and concussion grenades to break up the barricade. A police officer was shot and killed. The whole thing was flying out of proportion.
The Oka Crisis was a land dispute between the Mohawk nation and the town of Oka, Quebec that began on July 11, 1990, and lasted until September 26, 1990. The SWAT team was called in to control the barricade. The whole thing just spun out of control.
Wednesday, May 13, 2009
Earthquake
1. Pacific Plate.
2. Earthquakes can occur when tectonic plates converge, diverge, slide along each other, and collide.
2. Earthquakes can occur when tectonic plates converge, diverge, slide along each other, and collide.
North Korea
I think That North Korea should be able to build nuclear weapons. I think that if they are going to be able to build it that it should only be used to protect their own country and not to threaten other countries with it. I think they shouldn’t be allowed to if they will attempt to take over a country.
Red River
I would help another person if the chances of my being hurt was really low but if it was so bad that any one that attempted to go in would have a good chance of not making it than I wouldn’t do it. I would try to do all I could to help them without putting myself in to much danger. I wouldn’t be able to understand it fully unless I was in the situation. I would go with my gut feeling.
When did the worst flood occur?
1826
What was the natural spring peak discharge?
225,00
What was it during the 2009 flood?
125,00
How much greater was the worst flood?
100 cubic feet per second greater
When did the worst flood occur?
1826
What was the natural spring peak discharge?
225,00
What was it during the 2009 flood?
125,00
How much greater was the worst flood?
100 cubic feet per second greater
Friday, May 8, 2009
Indigenous People
Among African peoples, there are clearly groups of peoples who have always lived where they are, who have struggled to maintain their culture, their language and their way of life, and who suffer problems similar to those of indigenous peoples everywhere, particularly when forcibly separated from their lands. These include poverty, marginalization, the loss of culture and language, and the subsequent problems of identity that often lead to social problems such as alcoholism and suicide. Because of these particular similarities, many people find it useful and suitable to consider such groups indigenous peoples.
The hunter/gatherer Forest Peoples of the central African rainforests, comprising many groups, are threatened by conservation policies, logging, the spread of agriculture, and political upheavals and civil wars. They are usually at the bottom of the social structure. It is ironic that modern conservation policies intended to protect species of animals, not groups of humans, forbid many of these hunter/gatherers from hunting.
Nomadic pastoralist peoples like the Maasai and Samburu of east Africa are struggling with the encroachment of farming and conservation into their areas. As they are limited to smaller and smaller spaces, it becomes more and more difficult for them to maintain their livestock, especially in difficult periods, such as times of drought. Increasingly, they are being forced to move to urban areas.
The San, or Bushmen, of southern Africa have in some cases disappeared, or nearly so, as they have lost or been driven from their traditional homelands. Large numbers remain in Namibia, but they are usually impoverished and unable to live their traditional way of life. Many of them, with nowhere to go, have simply stayed, and now find themselves poorly paid laborers on farms - made up of their traditional territory -- now owned by whites or by other Africans.
The Imazighen are the indigenous peoples of northern Africa and the Sahel. The best known Imazighen may be the Tuareg. Most Imazighen who have not been assimilated live in the mountains or the desert. In Mediterranean areas, they have become sedentary; those living in the desert are usually nomadic. Today they exist as small linguistic pockets, with few, if any, cultural protections. Activists are working to maintain their language and culture.
The hunter/gatherer Forest Peoples of the central African rainforests, comprising many groups, are threatened by conservation policies, logging, the spread of agriculture, and political upheavals and civil wars. They are usually at the bottom of the social structure. It is ironic that modern conservation policies intended to protect species of animals, not groups of humans, forbid many of these hunter/gatherers from hunting.
Nomadic pastoralist peoples like the Maasai and Samburu of east Africa are struggling with the encroachment of farming and conservation into their areas. As they are limited to smaller and smaller spaces, it becomes more and more difficult for them to maintain their livestock, especially in difficult periods, such as times of drought. Increasingly, they are being forced to move to urban areas.
The San, or Bushmen, of southern Africa have in some cases disappeared, or nearly so, as they have lost or been driven from their traditional homelands. Large numbers remain in Namibia, but they are usually impoverished and unable to live their traditional way of life. Many of them, with nowhere to go, have simply stayed, and now find themselves poorly paid laborers on farms - made up of their traditional territory -- now owned by whites or by other Africans.
The Imazighen are the indigenous peoples of northern Africa and the Sahel. The best known Imazighen may be the Tuareg. Most Imazighen who have not been assimilated live in the mountains or the desert. In Mediterranean areas, they have become sedentary; those living in the desert are usually nomadic. Today they exist as small linguistic pockets, with few, if any, cultural protections. Activists are working to maintain their language and culture.
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